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Complete:  Review requirements for Vulnerable Population Concept Map

Presentation: Refugees

 Concept(s): Vulnerable Populations (Health Risks, Disparities)

Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to analyze a vulnerable population to identify variables contributing to strengths, health risks, and other disparities. From the analysis, create a concept map showing the relationship between the variables and the vulnerable population. An audio/visual presentation of the concept map to explain the rationale for the variables and relationships identified.

Skills: Integrate nursing research and professional literature findings for evidenced-based care to vulnerable populations (caring, clinical competence, decision making, communication, collaboration, management of care, and commitment to professionalism).

Task: Create Vulnerable Population Concept Map and Audio/Visual Presentation

Review Concept Map Examples: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) Learning Center Using Concept Maps.

Review requirements for Vulnerable Population Concept Map Presentation

#1  Assignment: Choose a population only and submit for approval

#2 Instructions: for the rest of the assignment.

You will use the vulnerable population selected to complete this assignment.
The concept map must be your original work, be clear, and legible. (Make it make sense)
You may use Microsoft Word, PowerPoint (PPT), or handwritten. If handwritten, it must be clear and legible.

#3 Use the following concepts as links to the vulnerable population to develop a one-page concept map.
Income & Social Status
Education
Social Support Networks
Social Environment
Personal Health & Coping Practices
Physical Environment
Gender
Age

#4. For each of the concepts above, include at least two (2) factors that contribute to the vulnerability of your selected population. Use your textbook and research scholarly credible sources [within the past seven (7) years]to identify and support the factors you select.
Include connections between the concepts and variables. Example: Is there a connection between income and education?

 #5 Develop a summary (250 words) to describe the relationships identified in the concept map.
Create an audio/visual using the concept map and summary for the presentation.
Submit both the concept map and audio/visual presentation when the assignment is due.

Note:

Include a title, your name, and date.
Include an APA 7th reference list.

Minor correction needed

Applying Ethical Principle

1. Resubmit the resource/budget section for this course it is required that you put a numerical budget together you can be very creative there’s no wrong answer to a budget that you need to support your change project 

1b.  Explains a change theory and a leadership strategy without supporting evidence. The relevance to helping an interdisciplinary team succeed in collaborating and implementing, or creating buy-in for, the project plan is unclear or missing- LIMITED INFORMATION PROVIDED

Stakeholder Presentation 

2.   I am requesting one slide if you could submit one slide related to the budget so we need numerical numbers so that the stakeholders can understand how much is needed for this change process  

After reviewing the course textbook (attached), summarize the history of nursing research. Discuss the importance of nursing research as it relates to applying evidence in practice (evidence-based practice).

Initial discussion question posts should be a minimum of 200 words and include at least two references cited using APA format.

Please, use at least y citation from the attached book, as a proof I already reviewed it.

• Describe and discuss the nurse’s role in health promotion and disease prevention in older adults. Share an example from your personal experience as an RN.
• Name and elaborate on at least three screening/preventive procedure that must be done in older adults.
• Define and discuss three common End-of-life documents that you as a nurse must be familiar with to be able to educate older adults.

initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.

**Price is firm *

** Need turn it in report; NO AI, No plagiarism ***

Macrocytic Anemia

Selected Condition: Macrocytic Anemia

Macrocytic anemia is characterized by large red blood cells (macrocytic) and poor oxygen-carrying capacity. The term macrocytic is used to describe the size of red blood cells, and this can be ascertained from a blood test that computes the mean corpuscular volume (MCV). If the MCV exceeds 100 fL, the anemia is described as macrocytic. Low levels of vitamin B12 or folate, alcoholism, liver diseases, and some medications can cause this condition. Macrocytic anemia has general signs and symptoms and a detailed investigation is needed before diagnosing the cause.

Rationale for Selecting Macrocytic Anemia

I chose macrocytic anemia because it is a relevant and common problem in clinical practice. Anemia is prevalent among hospitalized patients, whereas macrocytic anemia is a subtype that may be associated with various diseases. Anemia can be a sign of a lack of necessary nutrients like vitamin B12 and folate or an indication of liver problems or medication that affects red blood cell formation (Moore, 2022). Knowledge of macrocytic anemia is crucial since it is at the core of patient care, including diagnosis, management, and patient counseling. Also, macrocytic anemia is another important differential in patients with chronic alcohol use or gastrointestinal pathology, which is significant to my practice as a nurse working in outpatient healthcare.

Prevalence and Incidence of Macrocytic Anemia in the United States

Macrocytic anemia is relatively high in the United States; it affects elderly patients and those with certain risk factors. A cross-sectional study by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) reveals that macrocytosis, the major characteristic of macrocytic anemia, affects 2-4% of the population (Moore, 2022). The condition is more likely to be noticed in patients who are of advanced age. Specifically in elder care, the prevalence may increase to 10% due to factors like low nutritional intake, diseases, and medication hindering nutrient absorption (Moore, 2022).

The prevalence of macrocytic anemia also depends on the diseases that may lead to vitamin deficiency, including malabsorption disorders, autoimmune diseases, and chronic alcoholism. According to a survey by the American Society of Hematology, researchers found that vitamin B12 deficiency is the leading cause of macrocytic anemia in the United States, and the most affected group is the elderly (Soliman et al., 2024). Folate deficiency is another common cause, though it is less prevalent than the former. Furthermore, patients with alcohol use disorder require special consideration because alcohol interferes with folate metabolism and red blood cell formation, making patients with alcohol use disorder more prone to macrocytic anemia.

It is also important to note that macrocytic anemia is common in hospitalized patients and those with gastrointestinal or hematologic diseases. In a cross-sectional study that focused on adult inpatients, they identified that nearly 10% of the patients had macrocytic anemia, indicating this condition’s importance in the clinical setting (Rogers, 2023).

Summary of Scholarly Article on Macrocytic Anemias

The article “Macroytic Anemia” gives detailed information about the pathophysiologic mechanisms, etiologies, and clinical signs of macrocytic anemia (Koury & Hausrath, 2024). The article highlights that the underlying causes of macrocytic anemia include:

• Vitamin B12 deficiency: Vitamin B12 is very important for developing red blood cells in the human body. B12 deficiency causes a decrease in DNA replication in the bone marrow, which leads to the creation of oversized red blood cells.
• Folate deficiency: Folate is another vitamin required for DNA synthesis in the body, similar to vitamin B12. Folate deficiency fails to produce normal red blood cells in the bone marrow, which are instead more significant.
• Alcoholism: Alcohol affects folate metabolism and red blood cell formation, and when taken in the long run, it can lead to macrocytic anemia.
• Liver disease: Liver disease may also affect the metabolism of vitamin B12 and other nutrients, resulting in macrocytic anemia.
• Medications: Some drugs, like methotrexate or antiretroviral agents, interfere with the synthesis of red blood cells, leading to macrocytic anemia.

The article also describes the signs of macrocytic anemia; however, some patients may not show any signs or symptoms until the disease progresses to the more advanced stage, which may include fatigue, weakness, and pallor. The management of macrocytic anemia depends on the primary cause. If there is vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, these vitamins should be administered to treat the anemia. For patients with alcohol or liver issues, it is vital to treat the underlying condition in combination with the administration of micronutrients to enhance the patients’ status (Koury & Hausrath, 2024).

The article is directly related to my knowledge of macrocytic anemia as it presents a literature-based review of the causes and management of the condition. The article also pays much attention to early diagnosis; even if it is inconclusive, it is an essential aspect of nursing practice. This way, I will be able to recognize macrocytic anemia and its clinical manifestations and, hence, help manage patients and prevent complications arising from untreated anemia.

Conclusion

Macrocytic anemia is a frequent but severe problem that clinicians should not overlook. Understanding the pathophysiology, symptoms, and factors that can lead to it means that nurses are well-equipped to help diagnose and treat this condition. Macrocytic anemia can be managed with the correct approach to patient education, interprofessional collaboration, and proper medical management. Thus, knowledge of macrocytic anemia risk factors, diagnostic criteria, and possible complications is crucial for nurses to provide their patients with the highest level of care.

References

Koury, M. J., & Hausrath, D. J. (2024). Macrocytic anemias. Current Opinion in Hematology, 31(3), 82–88. https://doi.org/10.1097/moh.0000000000000804Links to an external site.

Moore, C. A. (2022, July 11). Macrocytic anemia. NCBI. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459295/#:~:text=Macrocytosis%20affects%202%25%20to%204,and%20vitamin%20B12%20and%20medicationsLinks to an external site..

Rogers, J. L. (2023). McCance & Huether’s pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (9th ed.). Elsevier.

Soliman, M., Grayland-Leech, B., & Villines, Z. (2024). Macrocytic anemia: Causes, symptoms, treatment, and types. Medical News Today. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321620Links to an external site..