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Discussion Prompt:
After your graduation, you will be in an academic or clinical field. Depending on your field choice, discuss one nursing theory and identify the effect that the implications of this theory could have on nursing administration, management, or education.

Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

…heart disease remains the No. 1 killer in America; nearly half of all Americans have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or smoke—some of the leading risk factors for heart disease…

—Murphy et al., 2018

Despite the high mortality rates associated with cardiovascular disorders, improved treatment options do exist that can help address those risk factors that afflict the majority of the population today.  

Photo Credit: Getty Images/Science Photo Library RF

As an advanced practice nurse, it is your responsibility to recommend appropriate treatment options for patients with cardiovascular disorders. To ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy, advanced practice nurses must consider aspects that might influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes such as medical history, other drugs currently prescribed, and individual patient factors.

Reference: Murphy, S. L., Xu, J., Kochanek, K. D., & Arias, E. (2018). Mortality in the United States, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db328.htm

To Prepare

• Review the Resources for this module and consider the      impact of potential pharmacotherapeutics for cardiovascular disorders      introduced in the media piece.
• Review the case study assigned by your Instructor for      this Assignment.
• Select one the following factors: genetics, gender,      ethnicity, age, or behavior factors.
• Reflect on how the factor you selected might influence      the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.
• Consider how changes in the pharmacokinetic and      pharmacodynamic processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug      therapy.
• Think about how you might improve the patient’s drug      therapy plan based on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes.      Reflect on whether you would modify the current drug treatment or provide      an alternative treatment option for the patient.

By Day 7 of Week 2

• Case Study: Case:

Patient AO has a history of obesity and has recently gained 9 pounds. The patient has been diagnosed with hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Drugs currently prescribed include the following:

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

• Explain how the factor you selected might influence the      pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient from the case      study you were assigned.
• Describe how changes in the processes might impact the      patient’s recommended drug therapy. Be specific and provide examples.
• Explain how you might improve the patient’s drug      therapy plan and explain why you would make these recommended      improvements.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The College of Nursing Writing Template with Instructions provided at the Walden Writing Center offers an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates/general#s-lg-box-20293632). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Conflict Handling Style

This assignment will help you understand conflict at the individual, team and organizational levels.

Using the University Online Library or the Internet, research and identify additional information on handling conflict.

Based on your research and understanding, create a paper in a 3- to 4-page Microsoft Word document that:

Includes a description of:

·  Change theories: Environmental Change Theory, Teleological Change, Life Cycle.

·  Conflict theories: Organizational conflict theory, Social conflict theory, Social cognitive theory, Social exchange theory.

·  Leader as a change agent: According to Canterucci (2003), leaders facilitate change on five levels:
Level 1: Leaders accept the need for change and create a receptive environment for the change. This level deals with small changes that have clear direction.
Level 2: Leaders define and initiate change as well as identify points of influence.
Level 3: Leaders translate the organization’s vision into the context of the specific change. This occurs with an organization-wide change.
Level 4: Leaders manage complex, cultural dynamics to create a strategic course for change. This is a high-transformation change.
Level 5: Often called the revolutionary change, leaders on this level champion and support the final change process.

Integrates how your ability to handle conflict can either enhance or hinder effective leadership in the health care environment.

Please note that the title and reference pages should not be included in the total page count of your paper.

As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format. Support your work, using your course lectures and textbook readings. Helpful APA guides and resources are available in the  University Online Library. Below are guides that are located in the library and can be accessed and downloaded via the  University Online Citation Resources: APA Style page. The American Psychological Association website also provides detailed guidance on formatting, citations, and references at APA Style.

Formal Research Article Critique Paper

For the critique, choose a faculty approved peer

reviewed article from a journal with a focus on nursing.



Please follow the APA (6 ed.) format, the critique template, and the 

grading rubric

 2-3 pages (not including title page and references

PLEASE USE THE ARTICLE THAT IS ATTACHED

Removing Restriction, PLEASE READ instructions. Its a NEW ASSIGNMENT. Don’t copy from last week’ paper. 

MINIMUM OF 3 REFERENCES

INCLUDE HEADINGS showing all questions are answered.

To Prepare:

· Review the national healthcare issues/stressors presented in the Resources and reflect on the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected for study. (My topic from last week paper= Removing restrictions on nurse practitioners’ scope of practice)

· Reflect on the feedback you received from your colleagues on your Discussion post for the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected.

· Identify and review two additional scholarly resources (not included in the Resources for this module) that focus on change strategies implemented by healthcare organizations to address your selected national healthcare issue/stressor.

The Assignment (3-4 Pages):

Analysis of a Pertinent Healthcare Issue

Develop a 3- to 4-page paper, written to your organization’s leadership team, addressing your selected national healthcare issue/stressor and how it is impacting your work setting. Be sure to address the following:

· Describe the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected and its impact on your organization. Use organizational data to quantify the impact (if necessary, seek assistance from leadership or appropriate stakeholders in your organization).

· Provide a brief summary of the two articles you reviewed from outside resources on the national healthcare issue/stressor. Explain how the healthcare issue/stressor is being addressed in other organizations.

· Summarize the strategies used to address the organizational impact of national healthcare issues/stressors presented in the scholarly resources you selected. Explain how they may impact your organization both positively and negatively. Be specific and provide examples.

 one paragraph 2 citation follow up discussion for the above post. add information , comment 

Nonprobability sampling is a category of sampling that “involves a strategy in which subjects are not selected at random” (Houser, 2018).  There are two subcategories to nonprobability sampling which are convenience sampling and purposive sampling.  Convenience sampling is when subjects for the sample population “are chosen by the research because they are accessible” (Houser, 2018).  Understanding this approach helps put the proper perspective when interpreting findings.  For example, one must understand “all convenience samples have less clear generalizability than probability samples” (Jager, 2017).  This means that since subjects were specifically chosen, based on ease of access, it is unlikely that they will reflect a sampling of attributes for a full population, and therefore, the results may not be able to be generalized. 

However, to overcome this known implication, it is recommended to use a homogeneous convenience sample, which means, subjects “are intentionally limited to specific sociodemographic subgroups” (Jager, 2017).  Therefore, by limiting the population from which the sample is selected will allow the results to be generalized to that larger population.  One example is to choose a convenience sample from Hispanic males between the age of 25-40.  Since the population of the sample is restricted to a specific group, the results can then be generalized for the entire group.

References:

Houser, J. (2018). Nursing research: Reading, using, and creating evidence (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett.

Jager, J., Putnick, D. L., & Bornstein, M. H. (2017). More than just convenient: the scientific merits of homogeneous convenience samples. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 82(2), 13–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/mono.12296.

THIS IS REPLY  TO AN STUDENT-Please one page-three refences:

TH

During nursing school, I remember thinking how proud I was of making the decision to become a nurse. I wanted to become a nurse not only to help people, but I loved how flexible nursing was, and how many different career options came with the nursing field. Currently, I am on track to become a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I came upon this decision because psychology has always one of my favorite areas to study. I find the mind very fascinating, so I started researching PMHNPs and their career field and instantly felt a drive to become part of it. Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioners can work as generalists, or can choose to specialize in geriatric, forensic, psychotherapy, or child and adolescent psych (nurse.org, 2020). This statement was a deciding factor for me to choose this career because I can work in numerous places with all kinds of people groups.

           One difficulty I faced while making my decision was cost. I personally do not like having any debt, so the thought of attending graduate school with all of the expenses was very intimidating for me. Then, I started thinking of how financially stable I will hopefully be once I work for a few years as a PMHNP. According to an article by Dr. Don Martin with U.S.News, United States graduate degree holders with a master’s degree or higher earn an average salary of $55,242, versus bachelor’s degree holders at $42,877. While this on average may not seem like much, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics Nurse Practitioners make over $100,000 per year with varying salaries depending on location of practice. These statistics influenced me to go ahead and make the jump, because even though school is expensive, I will see financial gain in the long run.

           One professional organization related to PMHNP is the American Psychiatric Nurses Association. This association is great for networking, trainings, and just keeping up with current practices. This organization has more than 14,500 members and commits themselves to health and wellness promotion through identifying mental health issues, preventing mental health problems, and offering care and resources to treatment of persons with mental  

PLEASE READ BEFORE COMPLETING ASSIGNMENT. REQUIRED INFORMATION BELOW

Healthy People 2020

In December 2010, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services released Healthy People 2020, the third in a series of decade-long initiatives designed to promote health and prevent disease among Americans. Please visit the HealthyPeople.gov website to familiarize yourself with the history of Healthy People, how it has been used at the state and local levels, and areas have been identified as priorities for Healthy People 2020 and its predecessors, Healthy People 2010 and Healthy People 2000, as these will be focal points of discussion for this module. You will also need to review information on MAP-IT, which stands for Mobilize, Assess, Plan, Implement, Track, a framework for achieving Healthy People Objectives in local communities.

LINK: https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020

Steps to a Healthier US

At the heart of the Steps to a Healthier US initiative lie both personal responsibility for the choices Americans make and social responsibility to ensure that policy makers support programs that foster healthy behaviors and prevention. These steps include promoting health and wellness programs at schools and worksites and in faith- and community-based settings.

Developing chronic diseases is not an inevitable consequence of aging; in many cases, their origins are grounded in health-damaging behaviors practiced by people every day for much of their lives. Evidence indicates that with education and social support, people can and will take charge of their health.

The national agenda must call for programs that focus on individual responsibility and behavior change, such as the following:

• School health programs that provide environments and instruction that promote healthy eating; daily physical activity; and the avoidance of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs.
• Smoking cessation strategies, such as improved access to quit lines, improved insurance coverage of smoking cessation services, and greater involvement of health providers and health care systems in the routine delivery of cessation advice and services to patients who want to quit smoking.
• Physical activity strategies such as motivational signs and reminders placed near elevators and escalators encouraging the use of stairs for health benefits or weight loss.
• Faith- and community-based programs that bring together community health advisors, nurses, and church representatives to support, encourage, and help people to obtain cancer screening services and to navigate the health care system.

Enact policies that promote healthy environments

Policy and environmental changes can affect large segments of the population simultaneously. Adopting healthy behaviors is much easier if we establish supportive community norms and health policies. The national agenda must call for proven health promotion measures such as:

• Safe walking and cycling trails.
• Low-fat/high-fruit-and-vegetable menu selections in restaurants, schools, and employee cafeterias.
• Incentives to schools for physical education.
• Smoke-free policies in workplaces and public areas.
• Universal availability of 911 emergency services for stroke and heart attack care.

Ensure access to a full range of quality health services

Physicians and other health care practitioners play a critical role in providing chronic disease screening and early detection services. They are also uniquely positioned to influence patients to adopt healthy behaviors that help prevent chronic disease. The national agenda must call for:

• Improved access to effective screening and diagnostic tools for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers; diabetes; high blood pressure; and high cholesterol.
• Better training and education of health care professionals to close the gap in time between discovering effective prevention tools and strategies and applying these tools in medical practice.
• Public and private health insurance programs that provide appropriate chronic disease prevention, screening, and treatment services.
• Training to empower patients to manage their chronic conditions effectively.

Implement programs that focus on eliminating racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic-based health disparities

Of utmost importance is a constant vigilance to reduce health disparities among racial and ethnic groups. These disparities are reflected in differences in length of life; rates of disease, disability, and death; severity of disease; and access to treatment.

• In 1999, death rates from heart disease were 29% higher and death rates from stroke were 40% higher among African American adults than among white adults.
• American Indians and Alaska Natives are 2.6 times more likely, African Americans are 2 times more likely, and Hispanics are 1.9 times more likely to have diagnosed diabetes than whites.
• African American women are more likely to die of breast cancer than are women of any other racial or ethnic group.
• Nearly half of African American women are classified as obese.

Prevention research is needed to identify the causes of health disparities and the best ways to provide access to high-quality preventive care and clinical services. Effective programs will require new and innovative partnerships among federal, state, local, and tribal governments and communities.

Educate the public effectively about their health

Scientific evidence indicates the public listens to and acts on clear, compelling health information. We must use communication strategies to inform and influence individual and community decisions on health. Scientific approaches to social marketing, health education, and consumer research must be applied to public health initiatives—everything from simple brochures to public service announcements to comprehensive media campaigns. We must market health effectively, just as corporations market their products and images.

HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT-

Case Assignment

Healthy People 2020: Understanding and Improving Health

For this assignment, I would like for you to expand your knowledge and understanding of the goals and mission of Healthy People 2020 and its predecessor Healthy People 2010.

Please answer the following questions:

1. Discuss whether or not you believe that the mission and goals for Healthy People 2020 are reasonable given the major health concerns facing our communities. Of the 2020 topics, choose one and discuss its impact on public health—support your discussion with at least 2 articles using ProQuest.
2. Please compare and contrast the focus areas for Healthy People 2010 with the topics for Healthy People 2020. What are their similarities? Are there any differences? In your opinion and given the current health trends, what might be a single most important health priority or topic for Healthy People 2020?
3. Briefly discuss how a commitment by a state and/or local health department to meet the objectives of Healthy People 2020 can affect public policy. Use one of the assigned readings as a reference.
4. What is the role of “Healthier US” and what are the policy and environmental changes that are directed toward achieving a healthier lifestyle? Identify a policy of environmental change that you believe will result in actually achieving a healthier lifestyle. Justify your position.
5. Do you consider it to be appropriate for a state or county health department to set objectives which are not compatible with CDC’s Healthy People 2020 topics and objectives? Please support your position. Use one of the assigned readings as a reference.

Please submit your Case Assignment by the end of Module 2. Please refer to the Trident calendar for exact due dates. Please contact me at any time should you have any questions.

Assignment Expectations

1. You are expected to consult the scholarly literature in preparing your paper; you are also expected to incorporate relevant background readings.
2. Your paper should be written in your own words. This will enable your instructor to assess your level of understanding.
3. In order to earn full credit, you must clearly show that you have read ALL required Background materials.
4. Be sure to cite your references in the text of all papers and on the reference list at the end. For examples, look at the way the references are listed in the modules and on the Background reading list. Remember, any statement that you make that is not common knowledge or that originates from your synthesis or interpretation of materials you have read must have a citation associated with it. For guidelines on in-text citations, visit the following website: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/
5. Proofread your paper to be sure grammar and punctuation are correct and that each part of the assignment has been addressed clearly and completely.
6. Your assignment will not be graded until you have submitted an Originality Report with a Similarity Index (SI) score <15% (excluding direct quotes, quoted assignment instructions, and references). Papers not meeting this requirement by the end of the session will receive a score of 0 (grade of F). Papers with a lower SI score may be returned for revisions. For example, if one paragraph accounting for only 10% of a paper is cut and pasted, the paper could be returned for revision, despite the low SI score. Please use the report and your SI score as a guide to improve the originality of your work.

Length: Your paper should be 4-6 double-spaced pages (800-1,300 words) in length, excluding title page and references.

Note: Wikipedia is not an acceptable source of information. 

Telemedicine 1200 words due 9/29/2020 How Coronavirus Turned Telemedicine into the New Face of Healthcare

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iyRO_YDuJnE&feature=emb_title

1. 200 words Provide summary of the video from the link above 

2. 200 words provide pro of telehealth in the care setting and situation depicted in the video.

3. 200 words provide disadvantage of using telehealth in the setting and situation depicted in the video. 

4. 200 words How can telehealth enhance client outcome? 

5. 200 words Research a pear reviewed article regarding the use of tele, summarize the information you have learned regarding the article and telehealth. 

6. 200 words Construct 4 questions regarding telehealth and the impact on healthcare 

Use subheadings APA format and at least four reference  

Purpose 

The purpose of this assignment is to provide the student with an opportunity to explore the nurse practitioner (NP) practice requirements in his/her state of practice, NP competencies and leadership skills to develop a plan to support professional development. 

Activity Learning Outcomes 

Through this assignment, the student will demonstrate the ability to: 

1. Examine roles and competencies of advanced practice nurses essential to performing as leaders and advocates of holistic, safe, and quality care. (CO1)  
2. Analyze essential skills needed to lead within the context of complex systems. (CO3) 
3. Explore the process of scholarship engagement to improve health and healthcare outcomes in various settings. (CO4) 

 Requirements: 

1. The APN Professional Development Plan paper is worth 200 points and will be graded on the quality of the content, use of citations, use of Standard English grammar, sentence structure, and overall organization based on the required components as summarized in the directions and grading criteria/rubric. 
2. Submit the paper as a Microsoft Word Document, which is the required format at Chamberlain University. You are encouraged to use the APA Academic Writer and Grammarly tools when creating your assignment. 
3. Follow the directions below and the grading criteria located in the rubric closely. Any questions about this paper may be posted under the Q & A Forum or emailed to your faculty. 
4. The length of the paper should be 5-8 pages, excluding title page and reference page(s). 
5. Support ideas with a minimum of 3 scholarly resources. Scholarly resources do not include your textbook. You may need to use more than 3 scholarly resources to fully support your ideas. 
6. You may use first person voice when discussing information specific to your personal practice or skills.  
7. Current edition APA format is required with both a title page and reference page(s). Use the following as Level 1 headings to denote the sections of your paper (Level 1 headings use upper- and lower-case letters and are bold and centered): 
   • APN Professional Development Plan (This is the paper introduction. In APA format, a restatement of the paper title, centered and not bold serves as the heading of the introduction section) 
   • APN Scope of Practice 
   • Nurse Practitioner (NONPF) Core Competencies  
   • Leadership Skills 
   • Conclusion 

Directions: 

1. Introduction: Provide an overview of what will be covered in the paper. Introduction should include general statements on scope of practice, competencies, and leadership, and identification of the purpose of the paper. 
2. APN Scope of Practice: Research the Nurse Practice Act and APN scope of practice guidelines for the state in which you intend to practice after graduation. Describe the educational, licensure, and regulatory requirements for that state in your own words. Identify whether your state allows full, limited, or restricted NP practice. Discuss NP prescriptive authority in your state. Provide support from at least one scholarly source. Source may be the regulatory body that governs nursing practice in your state. 
3. Nurse Practitioner (NONPF) Core Competencies: Review the NONPF Core Competencies. Describe two competency areas you believe to be personal strengths and two competency areas in which you have opportunities for growth. Discuss two scholarly activities you could do during the master’s program to help yourself achieve NP competencies. Provide support from at least one scholarly source. Source may be NONPF Core Competencies document provided via the link in the week 2 readings. 
4. Leadership Skills: Analyze three leadership skills required to lead as an NP within complex systems. Describe two strategies you could use to help you develop NP leadership skills. Provide support from at least one scholarly source. Textbooks are not considered scholarly sources. 
5. Conclusion: Provide a conclusion, including a brief summary of what you discussed in the paper. 

 APA Formatting   

Formatting follows current edition APA Manual guidelines for  

1. title page 
2. running head 
3. body of paper (including citations and headings) 
4. reference page 

 Writing Mechanics  

Writing mechanics follow the rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, punctuation, and other aspects of formal written work as found in the current edition of the APA manual. The length of the paper is at least 5 pages but no more than 8 pages.