APA STYLE,,,AT LEAST 3 REFERENCES AND CITATIONS

1. In the last century, what historical, social, political, and economic trends and issues have influenced today’s health-care system? 

2. What is the purpose and process of evaluating the three aspects of health care: structure, process, and outcome? 

3. How does technology improve patient outcomes and the health-care system?

4. How can you intervene to improve quality of care and safety within the health-care system and at the bedside? 

2. Select one nonprofit organization or one government agencies that influences and advocates for quality improvement in the health-care system. Explore the Web site for your selected organization/agency and answer the following questions: •

A) What does the organization/agency do that supports the hallmarks of quality? • 

B) What have been the results of their efforts for patients, facilities, the health-care delivery system, or the nursing profession? •

C) How has the organization/agency affected facilities where you are practicing and your own professional practice? 

Minimum of 250 word’s  with at least one perr review reference in 7th edition. Apa style.

POWER POINT   I want talk about ( injury and violence prevention.)   no plagiarist 

component of the presentation   

1-introduction

 2- identification of the problem and the population

3-  project question,(IN PROJECT QUESTION WE CAN USE PICOT)

  P = patient population

I = intervention or question of interest

C = comparison of interest

O = result

T = time frame

4-description of the proposed solution,

5-literature that supports the project, in recommend:

 (https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/injury-and-violence-prevention

6-implementation of the plan (step by step),

7-theory of change to use,

8-plan evaluation,

9-practical recommendations,

10-conclusions,

11-references.

Evidence-Based Project, Part 4: Critical Appraisal of Research

Realtors rely on detailed property appraisals—conducted using appraisal tools—to assign market values to houses and other properties. These values are then presented to buyers and sellers to set prices and initiate offers.

Research appraisal is not that different. The critical appraisal process utilizes formal appraisal tools to assess the results of research to determine value to the context at hand. Evidence-based practitioners often present these findings to make the case for specific courses of action.

In this Assignment, you will use an appraisal tool to conduct a critical appraisal of published research. You will then present the results of your efforts.

To Prepare:

• Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and the four systematic reviews (or other filtered high- level evidence) you selected in Module 3.
• Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and analyzed in Module 3.
• Review and download the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template provided in the Resources.

The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)

Part 4A: Critical Appraisal of Research

Conduct a critical appraisal of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected by completing the Evaluation Table within the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template. Choose a total of four peer- reviewed articles that you selected related to your clinical topic of interest in Module 2 and Module 3.

Note: You can choose any combination of articles from Modules 2 and 3 for your Critical Appraisal. For example, you may choose two unfiltered research articles from Module 2 and two filtered research articles (systematic reviews) from Module 3 or one article from Module 2 and three articles from Module 3. You can choose any combination of articles from the prior Module Assignments as long as both modules and types of studies are represented.

Part 4B: Critical Appraisal of Research

Based on your appraisal, in a 1-2-page critical appraisal, suggest a best practice that emerges from the research you reviewed. Briefly explain the best practice, justifying your proposal with APA citations of the research.

In nursing practice, accurate identification and application of research is essential to achieving successful outcomes. The ability to articulate research data and summarize relevant content supports the student’s ability to further develop and synthesize the assignments that constitute the components of the capstone project.

The assignment will be used to develop a written implementation plan.

For this assignment, provide a synopsis of the review of the research literature. Using the “Literature Evaluation Table,” determine the level and strength of the evidence for each of the eight research articles you have selected. The articles should be current (within the last 5 years) and closely relate to the PICOT question developed earlier in this course. The articles may include quantitative research, descriptive analyses, longitudinal studies, or meta-analysis articles. A systematic review may be used to provide background information for the purpose or problem identified in the proposed capstone project.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

MY TOPIC IS PATIENT FALL IN HOSPITAL 

Topic: Nursing and Non-Nursing Theory        

The future of healthcare is focused upon improving patient outcomes and patient satisfaction. Through the application of research studies and theory, evidence based practice development will lead the profession of nursing into the future whereby knowledge and skills support the practice of providing quality care.

Locate one nursing theory and one non-nursing theory. Describe how two practitioners can bring these separate theories together to provide meaningful patient care.

Write a 175- to 265-word response to the following: 

• Under what conditions would you sever a networking relationship? Explain your answer. 
• How would you handle any possible ramifications of this action?  

Begin reviewing and replying to peer postings/responses early in the week to enhance peer discussion. See the rubric for participation points. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing viewpoints with a rationale, challenging aspects of the discussion, or indicating relationships between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Always use constructive language, even in criticism, to work toward the goal of positive progress.

Peer 1

Topic 1 Health Problems

• Which area, rural or urban, has the most health problems? Why? It is believed that the rural population tends to have more health problems than those in urban areas. Because people in rural areas view their personal health status less favorably than urban residents, studies show that rural adults are less likely to engage in preventive behavior, ultimately increasing risk exposure. (Lancaster, 2020) Rural residents may also have less access to quality healthcare, lack of education, uninsured or underinsured. Rural areas have a higher death rate in children, higher smoking in adolescents, and the highest levels of diabetes. 
  • Identify four common health problems found in that selected area: Patients located in rural communities have various illnesses, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, COPD, and cancer. Almost 10% of rural residents are diagnosed with diabetes than just over 8% of urban residents. People from rural communities are more likely to be uninsured, smoke more, use alcohol more, and not participate in disease prevention or disease management. 

References:

Lancaster, M.S. J. Public Health Nursing. [South University]. Retrieved from https://digitalbookshelf.southuniversity.edu/#/books/9780323582247/

Peer 2

Health is defined as being in a state where one if free of illnesses or injury. It therefore differs from healthcare and considering the two settings in the rural and urban areas, while there may be problems in access to health care services in the rural areas, there people in these places appear to face lesser health problems as compared to their urban counterparts (Hearne et al., 2015). A major source of health problems in the urban areas is the large disparities in socioeconomic status resulting in crime, violence and high risk behavior. High risk behavior is especially a major cause of health issues in urban areas because among others, it sees people involve themselves in activities such as drug abuse, sex work among other activities that contribute to poor health.

The socioeconomic issue creates a huge pool of poor people who struggle to put food in the table. For example in Philadelphia, a study showed that as much as 25% of the people are below poverty line (Black, 2018). They are likely to suffer from all health problems associated with poverty. The poor have higher chance of lacking food and will most to unbalanced diet and malnutrition as well as have limited access to health care services.

Another health problem face in urban centers is weight related problems. Many in the urban centers have lives that do not require any form of physical activity. They spend their entire days seated and will and there are limited free physical activity areas. They are also more likely to have food that is considered unhealthy. All these issues result in overweight and obesity as well as health problems related to them.

Finally, people in urban areas live in polluted areas compared to their rural counterparts. They are more likely to be exposed to carbon gases from the vehicles on the streets and due to congestion, there are more problems relating to garbage especially in poorly run cities. They are also at higher risk of having contaminated water. All these combine to create series of health problems that will be unique to city residents.

References

Black, R. (2018). The population health problems facing urban and rural America. Retrieved from https://www.idigitalhealth.com/news/the-population-health-problems-facing-urban-and-rural-america

Hearne, S., Castrucci, B. C., Leider, J. P., Rhoades, E. K., Russo, P., & Bass, V. (2015). The future of urban health. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 21, S4-S13. doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000000166

1) Minimum 6 full pages (Follow the 3 x 3 rule: minimum three paragraphs per part)

              Part 1: Minimum 1 page

              Part 2: minimum 4 pages

              Part 3: minimum 1 page 

Submit 1 document per part

2)¨******APA norms

          All paragraphs must be narrative and cited in the text- each paragraphs

          Bulleted responses are not accepted

          Dont write in the first person 

          Dont copy and pase the questions.

          Answer the question objectively, do not make introductions to your answers, answer it when you start the paragraph

         Submit 1 document per part

3)****************************** It will be verified by Turnitin (Identify the percentage of exact match of writing with any other resource on the internet and academic sources, including universities and data banks) 

********************************It will be verified by SafeAssign (Identify the percentage of similarity of writing with any other resource on the internet and academic sources, including universities and data banks)

4) Minimum 3 references per part not older than 5 years

5) Identify your answer with the numbers, according to the question. Start your answer on the same line, not the next

Example:

Q 1. Nursing is XXXXX

Q 2. Health is XXXX

6) You must name the files according to the part you are answering: 

Example:

Part 1.doc 

Part 2.doc 

__________________________________________________________________________________

Part 1: Nursing Role and Scope

1. Describe  and explain at least 3 nursing care delivery models. 

Part 2: Nursing Role and Scope 2

1. Introduction that includes who you are and where you practice nursing

2. Definition of nursing

3. Assumptions or underlying beliefs

4. Definitions and examples of the major domains of nursing

5. A summary that includes answers to the following questions (Mandatory):

      a. How are the domains connected?

      b. What is your vision of nursing for the future?

      c. What is your vision of nursing for the future?s a nurse?

      d. What are your goals for professional development?

Part 3:  Physical Assessment  

The nurse is completing an assessment on a patient who is complaining of joint pain. 

1. What information would be important to obtain when completing a patient history on the musculoskeletal system?

The nurse is completing a mental health assessment. 

2. Discuss components of the mental health assessment.

The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is useful in screening for cognitive dysfunction or dementia. 

3. Discuss sample item of a MMSE.

A theory is a set of proposals that try to offer a rational or plausible explanation of a particular phenomenon. Research is a systematic investigation into resources and materials to establish facts and draw new conclusions. Conversely, practice involves the act of implementing knowledge obtained from experience and training into use. Theories provide basic concepts and suggest ways for people to make sense of research data. Knowledge is not static but instead develops continuously by asking questions and seeking answers. Continuous development of knowledge through theory, research, and practice equip professionals from diverse fields with adequate expertise in dealing with emerging challenges in their respective fields.

The relationships among theory, practice, and research is reciprocal and cyclic. Practice in any given field produces research questions and knowledge for theory. On the other hand, research provides basic guidelines to practice. It helps refine or replace outdated practices.  Research also enhances knowledge through theory development, while theory directs research and improves practice. Hence, in this case, both theories and research provide an essential foundation and set the goals for practice. Simultaneously, practice acts as a source of questions to be addressed by research. Therefore, the relationships among theory, practice, and research are reciprocal in that each enlightens the other in the development of knowledge in all fields (Kumar, 2019).

Historically, practice came first, and theory was extracted from it. Past experiences and in-depth observations developed to become interventions which subsequently became theories. However, over the years, many have concluded that theory guides practice (DeNisco & Barker, 2015). This is because practice cannot position itself without the regulation of theoretical questions that direct the research. Without theory, information may be gathered but without any exact way of expounding on the different observed occurrences. In this regard, the purpose of theory is to predict anticipated results. Some theories are suitable in particular settings when deducing a specific behavior or a set of actions. Hence, theory guides practice because it provides insights that assist in interpreting diverse phenomena contextually. On the other hand, practice is a testing ground for theories where only those theories found to be fundamental to practice can continue and progress. Practice is also a basis for new theories as discoveries emerge on a daily basis.

Also, the relationship between theory, research, and practice is symbiotic, implying that advancement in one automatically necessitates a modification in the others. Theories provide a complex and comprehensive conceptual understanding of things that cannot be pinned down. For instance, how organizations work, why people interact in particular ways, or how societies work. Theories give the researchers diverse ‘lenses’ to look at complex problems and social issues by focusing their attention on different aspects of data and providing a context for conducting their analysis. Therefore, theories are used to help design a research question, direct the selection of relevant data, interpret the data, and propose justifications of the underlying influences or causes of observed phenomena. Alternatively, theories are tested through research studies. As researchers continue conducting empirical research to evaluate theories to prove their validity, some theories may be modified or rejected if multiple extensive studies have negative findings (deductive reasoning). Equally important, new theories may emerge from research studies (inductive reasoning) which may in turn continue updating practice (Maxfield & Babbie, 2017).

In conclusion, practice relies on theories and research to guide what should be done, when to be done, why it should be done, and the means of doing it. On the other hand, practice provides questions that are addressed in research and theory. This proves that the relationships among the three elements are dynamic and flow in all directions. Each of these factors informs and supports the other in applying and developing knowledge in diverse fields.

References

DeNisco, S. M., &Barker, A. M. (eds) (2015). Advanced Practice Nursing: Essential Knowledge for the Profession. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 23(1), 45.

Kumar, R. (2019). Nursing Research & Statistics.Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.

Maxfield, M. G., &Babbie, E. R. (2014). Research methods for criminal justice and criminology.Cengage Learning.