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Cultural Competence: Awareness, Sensitivity, and Respect

Think for a while about cultural practices and how they affect health or illness in your own family. They may be challenging to identify as such at first, but they do exist. What ideas about illness prevention does your family adhere to? What do you do when someone gets sick? What rituals does your family practice when someone dies?

 Every culture has its practices related to how they deal with illness. However, modern medicine has altered most cultures to a point where very few cultural procedures in healthcare are followed now. While my family strongly believes in contemporary medicine and insists that everyone gets medical insurance, it wasn’t always like that. I did not know any of this before this assignment, but the diet was a significant contributor to the community’s health. Although they often ate a balanced diet, it was mostly the same dish and consisted of red meat in every dish. Unlike now, when information about the effects of consuming too much red meat affects a person’s health, it was relatively unclear why a high number of people were diagnosed with type Ⅱ diabetes. There was also a lot of manual labor done by the community people, which counter adverse effects of the diet, but for older people who could not exercise, the diet caused adverse effects.

 Prevention of illness in the family involves regular checkups, exercising, and behavioral change to accommodate healthy lifestyles. Although we advocate for modern medicine, my family still tends to treat illnesses like the common cold. So, when someone gets sick, they get soup and takes sick leave to recuperate at home. Only when there is an onset of unbearable pain do they go to the hospital. The pain tolerance level is different for everyone; thus, some go to the hospital, and others wait for the illness out, opting to recover naturally. Grief is a personal matter that everyone responds to differently, and so when someone dies, there is a general way of dealing with them, which involves a wake and a funeral. Gifts are provided, and mostly include flowers and pictures. The wake allows the family, relatives, and close friends to mourn the dead. The burial is attended by the immediate family and very few close friends. A ceremony is held to send off the dead, and afterward, the family stays together for a week for emotional support before the regular life continuance. 

Cultural Competence: Awareness, Sensitivity, and Respect

Think for a while about cultural practices and how they affect health or illness in your own family. They may be challenging to identify as such at first, but they do exist. What ideas about illness prevention does your family adhere to? What do you do when someone gets sick? What rituals does your family practice when someone dies?

 Every culture has its practices related to how they deal with illness. However, modern medicine has altered most cultures to a point where very few cultural procedures in healthcare are followed now. While my family strongly believes in contemporary medicine and insists that everyone gets medical insurance, it wasn’t always like that. I did not know any of this before this assignment, but the diet was a significant contributor to the community’s health. Although they often ate a balanced diet, it was mostly the same dish and consisted of red meat in every dish. Unlike now, when information about the effects of consuming too much red meat affects a person’s health, it was relatively unclear why a high number of people were diagnosed with type Ⅱ diabetes. There was also a lot of manual labor done by the community people, which counter adverse effects of the diet, but for older people who could not exercise, the diet caused adverse effects.

 Prevention of illness in the family involves regular checkups, exercising, and behavioral change to accommodate healthy lifestyles. Although we advocate for modern medicine, my family still tends to treat illnesses like the common cold. So, when someone gets sick, they get soup and takes sick leave to recuperate at home. Only when there is an onset of unbearable pain do they go to the hospital. The pain tolerance level is different for everyone; thus, some go to the hospital, and others wait for the illness out, opting to recover naturally. Grief is a personal matter that everyone responds to differently, and so when someone dies, there is a general way of dealing with them, which involves a wake and a funeral. Gifts are provided, and mostly include flowers and pictures. The wake allows the family, relatives, and close friends to mourn the dead. The burial is attended by the immediate family and very few close friends. A ceremony is held to send off the dead, and afterward, the family stays together for a week for emotional support before the regular life continuance. 

5 or more informative Power points slides discussing the nursing theorist Phil Baker-Tidal Model discussing the QSEN Competencies regarding informatics. ALSO discuss the improvement of patient care & Nursing education! AND ANSWER question #5 Below relating to informatics. Attached below is the Rubic. NO plagiarism. Provided proof of Turnitin document. No references order than 5 years. please compete ASAP. APA FORMAT. 

As you finish this course, your philosophy of nursing has probably changed. As a final review, polish your philosophy of nursing based on your newly acquired knowledge.

Also, write a summary reflection answering the following questions based on the readings and discussions throughout the course: 

• As an art and a science, how has your personal nursing philosophy unfolded?
• Have there been ideas that have challenged your personal values or assumptions?
• Have there been ideas that have caused you personal conflict and may lead to deconstructing those dispositions in a critical manner?
• What actions have you taken that illustrate your personal nursing philosophy?
• Describe your own definition of the concepts involving the meta-paradigm of nursing.
• Has your first written philosophy of nursing changed? In what ways? 

Your paper that includes both your philosophy and reflection together should be 2–3 pages in length, in APA format, typed in Times New Roman with 12-point font, and double-spaced with 1″ margins. If outside sources are used, they must be cited appropriately.

Instructions are attached bellow

• After watching Episode 3, discuss the following:
  • What were your thoughts about the way Mr. Levy’s therapist responded to what Mr. Levy had to say?
  • What were your impressions of how the therapist worked with Mr. Levy? What did you think about the therapy session as a whole? 
  • Informed by your knowledge of pathophysiology, explain the physiology of deep breathing (a common technique that we use in helping clients to manage anxiety). Explain how changing breathing mechanics can alter blood chemistry.
  • Describe the therapeutic approach his therapist selected. Would you use exposure therapy with Mr. Levy? Why or why not? What evidence exists to support the use of exposure therapy (or the therapeutic approach you would consider if you disagree with exposure therapy)?
• In Episode 4, Mr. Levy tells a very difficult story about Kurt, his platoon officer. 
  • Discuss how you would have responded to this revelation. 
  • Describe how this information would inform your therapeutic approach. What would you say/do next?
• In Episode 5, Mr. Levy’s therapist is having issues with his story. 
  • Imagine that you were providing supervision to this therapist, how would you respond to her concerns?
• Support your approach with evidence-based literature.

Class –

Keep in mind that health care does not only occur in healthcare systems, but where people live, work, learn, and play. Public health nurses have the ability to change systems and environments to promote health. Nursing is not only the care of the sick, but also promotion of health. Would you agree?

A large amount of the homeless population also suffers from mental illness. The purpose of this assignment is to analyze characteristics and health concerns for the homeless population in regards to mental illness.

Write a 1,250-1,500 word paper addressing the following criteria:

1. Discuss the prevalence of mental illness among the homeless population.
2. Describe the challenges patients face when dealing with mental illness and being homeless.
3. Describe the challenges the community faces in providing care for the homeless and mentally ill.
4. Describe the availability of resources to provide for the homeless and mentally ill.
5. Describe how the Christian worldview can be integrated to serve the homeless and mentally ill.
6. Describe how the health care provider can be nonjudgmental and ethical while providing access to care for this population.

Support your writing with three to five scholarly peer-reviewed resources.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance

In the Module 4 Discussion, you considered how professional nurses can become involved in policy-making. A critical component of any policy design is evaluation of the results. How comfortable are you with the thought of becoming involved with such matters?

Some nurses may be hesitant to get involved with policy evaluation. The preference may be to focus on the care and well-being of their patients; some nurses may feel ill-equipped to enter the realm of policy and political activities. However, as you have examined previously, who better to advocate for patients and effective programs and polices than nurses? Already patient advocates in interactions with doctors and leadership, why not with government and regulatory agencies?

In this Discussion, you will reflect on the role of professional nurses in policy evaluation.

To Prepare:

• In the Module 4 Discussion, you considered how professional nurses can become involved in policy-making.
• Review the Resources and reflect on the role of professional nurses in policy evaluation.

Post an explanation of at least two opportunities that currently exist for RNs and APRNs to actively participate in policy review. Explain some of the challenges that these opportunities may present and describe how you might overcome these challenges. Finally, recommend two strategies you might make to better advocate for or communicate the existence of these opportunities. Be specific and provide examples.

Begin reviewing and replying to peer postings/responses early in the week to enhance peer discussion. See the rubric for participation points. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing viewpoints with a rationale, challenging aspects of the discussion, or indicating relationships between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Always use constructive language, even in criticism, to work toward the goal of positive progress.

TASK

Post your initial response to one of the two topics below.

Epidemiology’s Role in Infectious and Communicable Diseases

Topic 1: Disease Outbreak

Select an infectious disease and research the CDC website for information about the disease including: 

• its natural history,
• presenting symptoms, and
• outbreak characteristics
• Identify an occurrence of the disease by searching the Internet for recent reports of this disease and compare that episode or occurrence with information from the CDC website.
• How closely did that outbreak resemble the case definition?

Topic 2: Epidemiological Applications

• Describe how the concept of multifactorial etiology relates to the natural history of disease and the different levels of prevention.
• How should the nurse incorporate these concepts into health promotion of clients in community settings?
• How should the nurse approach client risk in these health promotion activities?

Peer 1

In this week lecture we focus on the concept of epidemiology and the role it plays when dealing with communicable and infectious diseases. In addition, we also learned about environmental health in terms of disease prevention as it related to the 3 levels referred to as primary, secondary, tertiary prevention. Hence, disease prevention are important concepts to understand when dealing with infectious diseases (South University Online, 2019). In my discussion, the infectious disease I choose to talk about is Tuberculosis, also known as “TB”. TB is a bacterial disease caused by the bacterium known as Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. TB is known to primary cause damage in the lungs but can also affect other vital organs within the body spreading to the kidneys, brain, bones, and spine. TB is spread from person to person through “airborne Transmission”. Therefore, TB is spread through the air by an infected person when they cough, talks, or sing (Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, 2016). Common presenting symptoms of TB include sneezing, consistent coughing (that last more than 3 weeks) night sweats, fever, chills, and unexplained loss of appetite (National Health Concil , 2020). 

TB is not generally known to cause outbreaks, which can be described as the detection of more than 3 TB cases that has a epidemiology link associated with its transmission. In the years from 2009-2015, there were 21 outbreak cases of TB. Of these 21 cases reported over 80% of the individuals used drugs and illegal substances, which included some who also suffered from mental illness, and or were homeless. Hence, almost all of the TB outbreaks were due to a delayed diagnosis of the disease (Mindra et al., 2017). On the CDC website, there was a reported occurrences of TB outbreaks from 2002-2008.  In there report they found that the majority of outbreaks occurred among drug users and people who drink an excess amount of alcohol. Hence, both studies revealed that the majority of TB outbreaks was among the homeless, and people suffering with mental health conditions (Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, 2019).

References

Division of Tuberculosis Elimination. (2019, September 6). Data & Statistics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/default.htm. 

Division of Tuberculosis Elimination. (2016, March 17). Signs & Symptoms. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/signsandsymptoms.htm. 

Mindra, G., Wortham, J. M., Haddad, M. B., & Powell, K. M. (2017, February 1). Tuberculosis Outbreaks in the United States, 2009-2015. Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5349481/. 

National Health Concil . (2020, March 9). Living With Tuberculosis. American Lung Association. https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/tuberculosis/symptoms-diagnosis. 

Talwar, A., Tsang, C. A., Prince, S. F., Pratt, R. H., Walker, W. L., Schmit, K. M., & Langer, A. J. (2019, March 21). Tuberculosis – United States, 2018. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6811a2.htm.

Peer 2 

The infectious disease that I have chosen is Tuberculosis. The bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis is what causes TB. Tuberculosis normally attacks the lungs, but it can also attack other body parts like the brain, kidney, or spine. Tuberculosis is spread through the air from one person to the next. The signs and symptoms that the person presents with usually depends on where in the body that the TB is. The signs and symptoms of pulmonary TB are: pain in the chest, coughing up blood or sputum, a bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer, no appetite, weight loss, fever, chills. sweating at night, weakness, fatigue. Other signs and symptoms depend on which body part is affected. There are also people who have TD and don’t get sick or presents with any signs and symptoms that are called Latent TB.

When it comes to outbreaks that pertain to TB, they do not happen often. Usually, the infectious period begins about 3 months before the initiation of any symptoms and usually ends when treatment starts. I did find one.  On an Indian Reservation, there were 5 people who tested positive. When the investigation begins the was doing contact tracing to see 1) who did these people come in contact with and 2) where did this all stem from. They were in contact with a total of 126 people, 121 of them did receive a PPD test. 21 of those had latent TB and 19 were started on treatment. The people were in contact with each other at a party where they were really close to each other. This case does resemble most outbreaks and how they present. The first five had a productive cough and sputum.

References

Basic TB Facts. (2016, March 20). Retrieved September 30, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/default.htm

Tuberculosis Outbreak on an American Indian Reservation — Montana, 2000–2001. (2002). Retrieved September 30, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5111a3.htm

Sociologic Sciences Interactive Case Study

Complete the Sociologic Sciences Interactive Case Study following the readings and presentation for this week. Associate what you have learned about the theories to this case study. Then see the instructions below to complete a journal entry about your experience.

Click on the Sociologic Sciences Journal link above. Once opened, select the Sociologic Sciences Case Study Reflective Journal and follow the instructions listed within the journal.