please prepare the 2 responses for below discussion post in 50 to 75 words
Post#1
The response to incidents is a phase, not an isolated event. Teams should take a cohesive and structured approach to any incident in order for incident reaction to be successful. In order to effectively resolve the broad range of security incidents that an organization might encounter, there are five essential steps that any response program should cover – that includes preparation, detection and reporting, analysis, containment and neutralization and the post incident activity (Bandos, 2019).
Preparation:
The secret to efficient incident response is planning. Without predetermined protocols, even the best incident management team cannot handle an incident effectively. To help the staff, a strong strategy must be in place. These features should be included in an incident response plan in order to resolve security incidents successfully – Create and document IR policies, establish communicate protocols, incorporate threat intelligence feeds, conduct cyber hunting exercises and access the threat detection capabilities.
Create and Document IR policies: Define incident response management policies, procedures and agreements.
Establish Communication Protocols: Develop criteria and guidelines for communication to allow for smooth communication during and after an incident.
Incorporate Threat Intelligence Feeds: Execute the threat intelligence feeds constantly capture, evaluate, and synchronize.
Conduct cyber hunting exercises: To identify incidents occurring within your environment, execute operational threat hunting exercises. This encourages more constructive reaction to accidents.
Assess the threat Detection Capabilities: Assess your existing capability for threat detection and upgrade systems for risk evaluation and enhancement.
Detection and reporting:
In order to identify, warn and report possible security incidents, the aim of this process is to track security events.
Controlled monitoring: Use firewalls, intrusion prevention systems, and data loss prevention to monitor security incidents in your network.
Detect: Detect by correlating warnings inside a SIEM solution to possible security incidents.
Alert: Analysts build a ticket for an incident, record initial observations and allocate an initial classification for an incident.
Report: The reporting process should provide room for escalations in regulatory reporting.
Analysis:
During this point, the bulk of the effort is made to correctly scope and interpret the security incident. To collect data from instruments and systems for further study and to recognise signs of compromise, resources should be used. In-depth expertise and a comprehensive understanding of live device responses, digital forensics, memory analysis, and malware analysis should be accessible to individuals.
Containment and neutralization:
This is one of the most important incident response levels. The containment and neutralization strategy are based on the intelligence gathered during the review process and the compromise indicators. Normal operations will resume after the system is restored and security is checked.
Post Incident Activity:
After the incident is settled, there is more work to be done. Make sure that any details that can be used to avoid similar events from occurring again in the future is properly recorded.
A proper IR plan design is important for any organization to respond to the incidents. To make a rapid and thorough determination of who, what, how, where, and why the IR plan should be straightforward, easy and direct the incident response team (Kashalkar, 2016). The strategy should also provide detailed instructions so that the company can identify the under-attack structure and data and take steps to protect vital assets. The functions and duties of all the stakeholders are clearly set out. Businesses, and each individual employee in particular, must have a clear understanding of their tasks to be performed in the event of an incident, and adequate steps must be taken to minimize the effect and protect the loss of confidential data. The IR plan should not be limited only to the department of IT or defense. The IR plan is only successful if both the technical and non-technical teams are dedicated and engage in the implementation of the IR plan, such as Legal, Compliance, Human Resources, Public Relations, etc. Take the time to establish relationships with internal and external stakeholders that might be able to respond to a critical incident by supporting the organization. Establish a system for incident classification so that you can prioritize the tasks of incident response properly. For future remediation purposes, classification will also assist you to extract meaningful metrics such as form, intensity, attack vector, effects, and root cause. Finally, the IR approach should fit with the corporate objectives. Identify what matters most to your company and weave those goals into your IR operations.
Post#2
An incident is an unplanned interruption or reduction of quality in any network. Incident response management is the hero of software development and IT operations. A good incident response process works behind the scenes to ensure issues are resolved quickly so that communication, performance, and development can continue to operate the network. In a world where security and business risks are at a high point, companies must invest in an incident response management process. “The modern cloud architecture dictates the requirements for the forensic investigation and incident response model such as being scalable, elastic, easy to integrate – integration with data plane, and easy to manage – integration with control plane” (Adamov, & Carlsson, 2016).
Incident response in the cloud brings its challenges and unique requirements as well. By using some cloud incident response best practices to make sure incidents don’t become crises. Some best practices of cloud computing are discussed below.
Put a process in place before an incident happens: We can’t be able to predict every type of incident or situation that needs to address. So, it’s important to be prepared.
Incident response in the cloud helps in many factors like resolve incidents faster, improve internal and external communication, reduce revenue losses, and promote continuous learning and improvement. “Cloud is able to combine numerous heterogeneous resources (hardware platforms, storage back ends, file systems) that may be geographically distributed” (Urias, et. al., 2016).
Where the data and event occurs, we will have to implement a response immediately. When we work with stakeholders, legal counsel, and organizational leadership to determine only the goal of incident response. Some common goals include containing the issue, recovering the affected resources, preserving data for forensics, resolve the issue rapidly, and attribution.
In incident response, we can assess the impact and prioritize risks using key monitoring systems and escalation and diagnosis processes. But before that, make sure to clear channels of communication between team members, as well as outlined expectations for responsibility. Explain all the priority and severity levels before an incident occurs so incident managers can quickly assess and determine priorities in the heat of the moment. Address all future incidents response in order of the priority list of any organization. “A large number of research efforts have focused on intrusion detection in industrial networks, however, few of them discuss what to do after an intrusion has been detected” (Piedrahita, et. al., 2018).
Cloud computing is large and complex as well, with many moving parts to track and monitor to any network. It’s important to invest in the right incident management tools to support cloud incident response processes. Visualize all the processes and map cloud architecture to keep everyone on the same page and prevent incidents from falling through the cracks or prevent networks from cyber attacks (Adamov, & Carlsson, 2016).
When we come to incident response, there’s no such thing as too much communication. We take advantage of incident response playbooks, messaging scripts, and process flows to ensure every one of our team is on the same page.